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Demand has started picking up
Anirban Sen, Underground Business Manager Asia Pacific & India, Epiroc Mining, shares more on the demand trends and market outlook for tunnelling equipment. Epiroc Mining offers a wide range of tunnelling equipment for underground mining and underground civil work applications.
How is the current
demand trend for tunnelling equipment?
In between the
demand for tunnelling equipment had gone down, but recently it has started
picking up with many civil projects that are coming up in the country.
Especially, the government is investing heavily in border road projects like
the Atal Tunnel while the Zojila tunnel project has been started now. The
government is developing the infrastructure on the border in a big way. The
Char Dham project of RVNL is going on which is a big project. Some hydropower
projects have also been planned. In mining, our customers have invested in
equipment and automation for their operations, taking forward the concept of
mine of the future. We are discussing the requirement of equipment for their
other mineral operations too. Some mining companies are also planning to
modernise their old equipment fleet. All these are opportunities in the making
for us and the tunnelling equipment players.
What are the major
tunnelling jobs involved in mining? Which are the equipment used?
As far as tunnelling in underground metal mine is concerned, the first job when you open the portal is to drive the decline or incline. Driving incline and decline is a tunnelling job done to reach the ore body. Once reached the ore body, you develop the ore body based on your underground mining methodology that depends on various factors like the size and width of the ore body. Once you reach the ore body, you have to develop the levels, sub-levels, crosscuts and other structures. These are also part of tunnelling activities in underground metal mining.
As far as the
equipment are concerned, you need to start with face drills i.e Boomers. Then
you need low profile dump trucks (LPDT) and load haul dump (LHD). The LHD will
take the muck and dump into the trucks and the trucks take it outside the mine.
Also there are ore passes available when LHD takes the muck from the ore faces
and they dump it into the ore passes. Through the ore passes, it goes to the
crusher level and then needs to be evacuated through LPDT etc.
In a nutshell, the basic tunnelling activity in underground metal mining involves development of ramp, development of levels and sub-levels, stock phases, crosscuts and other structures.
What are the
products and solutions from Epiroc for tunnelling applications?
We offer Boomers for tunnelling applications, both in mining and civil works. We have various types of Boomers starting from single-boom to four-boom, bolting machines, LHDs ranging from 4 tonne to 18 tonne, and low profile dump trucks starting from 20 tonne to 65 tonne. Apart from mining, our tunnelling machines are used in underground drilling applications for civil construction of road and railway tunnel projects, hydropower projects and many more. There are many such machines working in India and globally in the underground heavy civil applications.
How important is
proper safety measures in tunnelling operations?
For mining, there are regulations such as DGMS in India. For globally, there is the stringent US regulation of MSHA. Also, generally emission levels need to be controlled in mining operations. Ventilation has to be proper. Machines should have proper safety features. Th ere needs to be the standard features of FOPS and ROPS canopies/cabins as the operators need to be safe. Th e sound level inside the cabin or the canopy should be equal to or lower than permissible level. Operators should use proper PPEs while operating the machines.
Our machines are well equipped with the necessary safety features whatever required as per the standard, sometimes over the standard. Our products are being supplied not only in India, but also globally.
What are the key
challenges involved in tunnelling?
The first major challenge involved in tunnelling is geology. If the geology doesn’t support your underground tunnelling methodology, then there can be accidents in civil construction and underground mining. So, initially we need to assess the geology and the nature of the rocks. If you know the geology well, then you can plan your support programme properly like what kind of bolts you need to go for, whether you need to go for shortcreting, or any other challenges need to be checked. In civil construction, land acquisition is a major challenge. Like when you are constructing a dam, you are displacing a lot of land and people. So in land acquisition there are socio-ecological challenges.
Availability of experts is a challenge. In India, you may have the people in big numbers but the lack of trained experts in the field can create challenges. Proper training of the operation and maintenance crew is needed.
Underground mining
is a finance intensive project and you need to have deep pockets to start such
projects because even if you start the mine, you may start getting the actual
ore after three to four years. So in the first three to four years of mine
development, you are not earning anything. Thus, sustainability with respect to
finance is important.